Dexmedetomidine-ketamine Combination Mitigates Pulmonary Type-2 Cationic Amino Acid Transporter Isozymes Upregulation in Hemorrhagic Shock Rats

Cationic amino acid transporter gene expression in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and in rats.

Immunostimulants trigger vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) to express the inducible isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) and increased arginine transport activity. Although arginine transport in VSMC is considered to be mediated via the y+ system, we show here that rat VSMC in culture express the cat-1 gene transcript as well as an alternatively spliced transcript of the cat-2 gene. An RT-PCR clonin...

Arginine uptake is attenuated through modulation of cationic amino-acid transporter-1, in uremic rats.

Endothelial cell dysfunction (ECD) is a common feature of chronic renal failure (CRF). Defective nitric oxide (NO) generation due to decreased endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activity is a crucial parameter characterizing ECD. L-arginine is the sole precursor for NO biosynthesis. Among several transporters that mediate L-arginine uptake, cationic amino-acid transporter-1 (CAT-1) acts as the spec...

Augmented arginine uptake, through modulation of cationic amino acid transporter-1, increases GFR in diabetic rats.

BACKGROUND It is suggested that either arginine or its metabolites, nitric oxide and polyamines play a role in the renal hemodynamic alterations observed in the early stages of diabetes. Yet, the regulation of arginine transport in diabetic kidneys has never been studied. METHODS Arginine uptake was determined in glomeruli harvested from control rats; diabetic rats (2 weeks following an intra...

A Study of Neuron Specific Cationic Amino Acid Transporter rCAT3

The cationic amino acid transporter 2 is induced in inflammatory lung models and regulates lung fibrosis

BACKGROUND Arginine is an amino acid that serves as a substrate for the enzymes nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase, leading to synthesis of NO and ornithine, respectively. As such, arginine has the potential to influence diverse fundamental processes in the lung. METHODS We used mice deficient in cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) 2 in models of allergic airway inflammation and pulmo...